How does furosemide affect potassium levels in the body?

Furosemide, a loop diuretic, primarily affects potassium levels in the body by causing increased excretion of potassium in the urine. It works by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle within the kidneys. As a consequence, not only sodium and chloride are lost, but potassium is also excreted in larger amounts. This can lead to a decrease in serum potassium levels, a condition known as hypokalemia.

When utilizing furosemide, it is essential for healthcare providers to monitor potassium levels regularly. If potassium levels drop significantly, patients may experience symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, or arrhythmias. Therefore, the correct understanding of furosemide's effect on potassium levels is crucial for preventing potential complications related to electrolyte imbalances.