What is the primary purpose of using normal saline in a transfusion?

The primary purpose of using normal saline in a transfusion is to maintain venous access and prevent hemolysis. Normal saline, which is a sterile solution of sodium chloride in water, is isotonic and compatible with blood components. When administering a blood transfusion, normal saline is often used as a "prime" solution, which means it is infused before and during the transfusion to ensure the intravenous line remains patent, preventing any issues that might arise from blood clots or blockages.

Additionally, normal saline helps to dilute the blood and is essential in minimizing the risk of hemolysis (the breakdown of red blood cells) that can occur if a transfusion is mixed with solutions that are not isotonic or that contain certain additives. This compatibility ensures that the recipient’s body can accept the transfused blood safely without causing adverse reactions. By maintaining venous access and preventing hemolysis, the use of normal saline plays a crucial role in the overall safety and success of blood transfusions.