What should be done if signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity occur?

In the context of magnesium sulfate toxicity, the most appropriate action to take is to administer calcium gluconate. Magnesium sulfate is often used for conditions such as preeclampsia and in some situations as a tocolytic agent, but it can lead to toxicity, especially if there is renal impairment or if it is given in excessive doses. Signs of toxicity may include respiratory depression, diminished reflexes, and hypotension.

Calcium gluconate acts as an antagonist to magnesium. It helps to counteract the effects of high magnesium levels, particularly in severe cases representing potentially life-threatening symptoms. By administering calcium gluconate, you can help stabilize the patient's condition and reduce the risk of complications associated with magnesium toxicity.

Other options, such as increasing fluid intake or monitoring vital signs, do play a supportive role in managing a patient receiving magnesium sulfate, but they do not directly address the toxicity itself. Similarly, while protamine is a medication used to reverse the effects of heparin, it is not relevant in cases of magnesium sulfate toxicity. The focus should be on using calcium gluconate as the primary intervention for correcting the adverse effects caused by excessive magnesium.